Monday, August 24, 2020

Native Americans Essay Example for Free

Local Americans Essay Local Americans were the principal individuals living in the United States until Europeans showed up, tried to colonize and dominate. During this time, Native Americans were enslaved to fighting, new government and losing their territories. Compelled to submit to White pioneers, numerous Native Americans have needed to pick between absorbing into a White culture or saving their legacy and parentage. This exposition will talk about open approach with respect to Native Americans and give a few models relating to ethnocentrism and social relativity. Open Policy and Ethnocentrism From at an early stage, Native American culture has been on a crash with White society. During the pilgrim time frame, the administration would not like to have any issues with pioneers and Native Americans. Schaefer specifies that Whites were to outweigh everything else paying little heed to the necessities or impedance by clans (150). The secretary of war was placed responsible for the Native Americans concerning any Federal correspondences. Later in 1824 the Bureau of Indian Affairs was made as a mediator between the Native Americans and the administration (Schaefer 150). As White pilgrims began to move west, they had felt that Native Americans were hindering their advancement. This prompted the Indian Removal Act that was passed in 1824 which drove a few clans away from their hereditary grounds. Schaefer likewise specifies, â€Å"the central government authorized enactment that influenced them with negligible consultation† (151). The government’s objective was to debilitate inborn establishments with the goal that Native Americans would absorb. The administration despite everything attempted to cause Native Americans to turn out to be increasingly similar to White homesteaders. In 1887 the administration passed the Allotment Act which would transform inborn individuals into land proprietors. While every family was given 160 sections of land, there were a few specifications. Schaefer specifies that â€Å"the demonstration disallowed Native Americans from selling the land for 25 years† (153). The other issue was with the Native Americans not realizing how to cultivate or use the land. They additionally didn't get help or preparing from theâ government and therefore, didn't do well with homesteading. Since the land couldn't be legitimately sold, the Bureau of Indian Affairs wound up renting the land to White landowners (Schaefer 153). During this time, it was accepted that Native Americans should set aside innate characters and absorb into White culture. As time advanced, the Indian Reorganization Act which was otherwise called the Wheeler-Howard Act was passed in 1934 (Schaefer 153). This demonstration should perceive innate personality yet at the same time pushed for absorption. Clans would be permitted to make a constitution and choose pioneers inside reservations. The Reorganization Act allowed Native Americans to have more command over activities taken for their sake. Schaefer specifies that this demonstration had attempted to join government offices with inborn dealings by submerging Native Americans in methods regular to White society (153). Be that as it may, the demonstration despite everything took into consideration non-Native Americans to control issues with respect to reservations. Schaefer states that, â€Å"The Reorganization Act looked to absorb Native Americans into the prevailing society on the predominant group’s terms† (153). Moving Towards Cultural Relativity Following quite a while of the United States government attempting to constrain Native Americans to Assimilate, they have begun to understand that their endeavors were not encouraging pluralism. Schaefer makes reference to the Termination Act of 1953 â€Å"which was viewed as a dubious government approach towards Native Americans† (156). This demonstration dropped government administrations, for example, clinical consideration, schools, and street hardware that produced results right away. There was no coordination between clans or government organizations which influenced the clans in an awful way. They couldn't play out some essential administrations, for example, street fix or fire security without the legislature. While this strategy should enable Native Americans to self-administer it was seen as an approach to diminish administrations and set aside cash. With life on an Indian reservation being monetarily discouraged, the administration chose to attempt to draw Native Americans from the reservations. In 1952 the Bureau of Indian Affairs had begun programs toâ relocate Native Americans to urban zones. In 1962 one of the projects was known as the Employment Assistance Program. Schaefer states, â€Å"the intention was to migrate people or families at the government’s cost to urban zones where the openings for work were† (157). This program was not fruitful the same number of Native Americans returned back to their reservations. Schaefer additionally makes reference to that this program had some unintended outcomes where the Native Americans what left's identity was better instructed and made a mind channel (157). This additionally made huge numbers of them comprehend the bind that they were confronted with in both the city and government reservations. Through all that they have experienced, Native Americans have figured out how to function all things considered through Pan-Indianism intertribal social developments. It has made them join inside a typical personality as a result of political objectives. In 1944 The National Congress of American Indians was framed in Denver, Colorado and enrolled itself as an entryway in Washington, D.C. (Schaefer 157). Their objective was to raise issues with respect to the Native American point of view as it worked like the NAACP. This gathering had the option to make the Indian Claims Commission and power the Bureau of Indian Affairs to stop the act of end. In 1968 the American Indian Movement was made to screen police activities and record charges of police severity (Schaefer 157). Schaefer states that â€Å"sovereignty which alludes to innate self-rule is bolstered by each U.S. president since the 1960’s† (160). This is an extremely perplexing legitimate relationship since there are various lawful situations where the Supreme Court needs to manage which clans may lead themselves and where they may be liable to state and government laws. Innate individuals pay government pay, standardized savings, joblessness and property burdens however don't cover state annual duty in the event that they live and chip away at reservations (Schaefer 160). Sway interfaces the activities of the national government with singular American Indians. Schaefer contends that the administration goes about as a guard in figuring out which clans are perceived (161). In 1978 the Department of the Interior built up the â€Å"acknowledgement process† to choose if more clans could fit the bill for an administration to government relationship. End With all that the Native Americans have experienced throughout the years no doubt a large number of the early strategies were not powerful on the grounds that they didn't create the ideal consequences of constrained and quick absorption. The main thing that the administration had the option to do was drive these individuals off their territories, move them and make a feeling of doubt. I do feel that the Employment Assistance program contributed to having some Native Americans move out of their usual range of familiarity and search out different chances. It caused numerous Native Americans to make aggregate move and structure gatherings to campaign for their privileges. As to sway, it appears that Native Americans are attempting to acclimatize themselves by working with the administration to pick up acknowledgment and receive the financial rewards. Today it appears that Native Americans are gradually absorbing into White society on account of their association in fights, campaigning, governmental issues and business. While Native Americans probably won't have accomplished total pluralism, they are as yet attempting to adjust to contemporary society. References Schaefer, R. (2012). Local Americans: The First Americans (thirteenth ed), Chapter 6 (pp. 147-171). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

BRAZIL'S EMERGING ECONOMY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BRAZIL'S EMERGING ECONOMY - Essay Example The nation endured the worldwide money related downturn, which effectsly affected Brazil economy; henceforth, it was one of the last to fall in to downturn during 2008 and among the first to continue the development in 2009. Brazil’s Gross Domestic Product has developed from 7.5% in 2010 to 2.7% 2011, and notwithstanding to the worldwide keep down, the residential market in Brazil have gotten solid, henceforth diminishing powerlessness to the outer emergency (The World Bank Group, 1). Along these lines, the residents of Brazil are profiting by the strength of their financial development, with generally low expansion rate and improved social prosperity. There are cutoff points of potential development and critical advances in the economy, which are credited to institutional changes, noninflationary development that is wrecked by boundaries, guideline and inadequacy in foundation and poor business atmosphere (Jimenez, Gã ³mez Sabaini and Podestã ¡, 38). Nature of Brazilian taxpayer driven organizations concerning the use is moderately lower than other center salary nations, and nation propelled a development speeding up plan in 2007, which concentrated on expanding interest in foundation, and offering charge motivators to encourage financial development. The arrangement prompted a 7.5 % development in 2010, and versatility to the emergency experienced in 2009, and inconsequential downturn among created and rising economies in 2011 (OECD, 3). All things considered, the development has encouraged difficulties, whereby the nation is foreseeing facilitating the World Cup in 2014 and Olympics Games, in 2016, subsequently this is requiring critical interest in urban and social turn of events, and transport foundation. Additionally, Brazil has encountered considerable local contrasts in the social pointers like wellbeing, newborn child mortality and nourishment (Sean, 1). There are more extravagant south and southeast locales, which are encountering dependable markers than the more unfortunate North and Northeast; therefore, the destitution level

Monday, July 20, 2020

Applied Psychology Careers Forensic, Sports, and More

Applied Psychology Careers Forensic, Sports, and More May 28, 2019 Morsa Images/Getty Images More in Student Resources Careers APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Welcome to week five of the Careers in Psychology e-course! In todays lesson, you will learn more about different applied psychology career options. In the previous lesson, we took a closer look at careers in human and social services. It is important to note that there is some overlap between applied and social service careers. For example, clinical psychology, school psychology, and health psychology can be considered both applied and social service fields. Applied psychologists utilize their knowledge of psychological theories and principles to solve real-world problems. Fortunately, there are a number of different applied psychology careers to choose from. The following are just a few of the top choices you should consider. Enjoy solving real-world problems? Consider becoming a... Forensic PsychologistThanks to a number of popular television programs and movies, interest in the field of forensic psychology has grown tremendously in recent years. This career is focused on applying psychological principles and practices to the law and criminal investigation. Forensic psychologists perform a wide range of duties such as investigating suspected child abuse, participating in child custody cases, assessing competence to stand trial, and serving as an expert witness in court. Learn more about being a forensic psychologist  to discover if forensic psychology is right for you.Industrial-Organizational PsychologistThe field of industrial-organizational psychology is focused on the study of the workplace, organizations, and employees. Professionals in this field can be found in numerous settings ranging from private consulting firms to government offices. Workplace motivation, employee selection, job performance, occupational safety, human resources, and leadership train ing are just a few things in which an I/O psychologist might investigate or participate. Learn more about being an industrial-organizational psychologist.Sports PsychologistSports psychologists are interested in how psychology impacts athletic performance and vice versa. They often work directly with athletes to teach specific skills, enhance performance, and improve motivation. They frequently teach psychological skills such as visualization, positive self-talk, imagery, and goal setting and work with athletes, students, parents, coaches, or even professional athletes. Learn more about being a sports psychologist.Human Factors PsychologistHuman factors psychology is a multidisciplinary field that draws on areas including psychology, cognitive science, engineering, design, and statistics. Professionals working in human factors often design ergonomic products or work environments, strive to improve workplace safety, look for ways to improve interfaces for maximum efficiency and inves tigate human-computer interaction. If you have an interest in psychology as well as other fields such as engineering, computing, or educational technology, then human factors can be a very interesting option. Learn more about becoming a human factors psychologistHealth PsychologistHealth psychology is a growing field that focuses on psychological, biological, and social factors that impact individual health. People employed in this field often work at health clinics, hospitals, and universities and help clients lose weight, stop smoking, manage stress, or improve their nutrition. Health psychologists often work in one of three main areas: research, public policy, and clinical. Those in research and public policy positions investigate methods that can help people become healthier, while those in clinical areas usually work directly with clients to help them overcome or prevent health issues. Learn more about the ins and outs of being a health psychologist Your Assignment: Are You Interested In an Applied Psychology Career? This week your goal should be to spend some time writing in your career reflection journal. How do you feel about applied psychology careers? Are there any specific jobs in this area that interest you? Remember, this assignment is not graded and there are no due dates. Your reflection journal is simply designed to help you explore different job paths and hopefully discover which one is right for you. So in todays reflection journal, start by answering the question: Are you interested in an applied psychology career? Why or why not? If you find yourself drawn to this area, try to explain why an applied career is well-suited to your interests. If you dont have an interest in this area, just spend a few moments noting some of the reasons why an applied career is not right for you. As weve mentioned before, sometimes understanding what you dont want in a job is just as important as knowing what you do  want. Congratulations on completing lesson five! Weve covered a lot of information so far, but we are not done yet. In upcoming lessons, we will be looking at entry-level careers, advanced careers, average salaries, and job outlooks for various specialty areas.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Negative Influence on Women in the Media Melanic R....

This article, written by Melanic R. Salome , is about the women’s misrepresentation of in media . Salome considers media as an important tool that affects American women in a negative way. Media has become of paramount interest in our lives, despite the fact that its negative influences on us are increasing at a rapid pace. Media promotes unrealistic and unattainable images that result in depression and dissatisfaction among people. Therefore, media reflects the image of society and the way people think about themselves. Moreover, The writer strives to show the portrayal of women as depicted by media, stating that historically women are more likely to suffer from marginalization and stereotyping than men do . She claims that women are mostly represented as sexual objects and marriage oriented. She highlights that it is unfortunate that this marginalization of women is still continuing, but it is being exploited through a different way by media. Women beauty is used in advert isement on purpose to sell products while men are usually represented as elegant leaders and decision makers. Media, according to Salome, tries hardly to convince American society believing in inaccessible and nonsensical goals. The author believes that women should be accepted as they are without being incorporated into the picture of what the ideal women are. Furthermore, she claims that the American society is a society that cares just about appearance as an important part of the human existence.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Deviance Is A Violation Of Social Norms - 1637 Words

Imagine someone rich or powerful committing crimes without the fear of serving consequences. The crime may include murder, robbery, or stealing. Deviance is a label for an action or behavior that violates social norms. Social norms are rules or expectations which usually guide members of society. Deviance is nonconformity to these norms. Social norms can vary from culture to culture and is defined in numerous ways. Many researchers believe that deviance is a violation of social norms. Some believe deviant behavior is breaking the law or acting in a negative manner. Sociologists use specific words to classify deviant actions from a sociological perspective. There are crimes that are deviant actions and not deviant acts. For example; this†¦show more content†¦Many laws are enacted to punish criminals and protect individuals from violent deviant actions. Privileged Deviance is economically costly because some powerful individuals attempt to escape the consequences of deviant a ctions. Deviance occurs through interactions between individuals and groups. The labeling theory discusses the social behavior of how and why individuals continue deviant activity to maintain their identity or label. Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz state â€Å"the word interaction deviance is a human activity involving more than one person’s act† (Thio, et. al, 2013, p. 35). The theory suggests individuals reflect on their behavior and how others view their actions. The labeling theory can be linked to the symbolic interaction foundation perspective. Understanding deviance and criminal behavior are addressed through the labeling theory. Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz suggest that the deviant act begins with the hypothesis that no act is essentially criminal. Criminality is recognized by individuals who feel powerful through the design of laws and the interpretation of law enforcement. Deviance is determined by the interaction between deviant and nondeviant actions and how the c ommunity interprets the actions. Individuals who adhere to the law and promote acceptable behaviors are the main source of labeling. For example; this may include police officers, courts, or school authorities. Defining specificShow MoreRelatedSocial Deviance Is Based On The Violation Of Social Norms1721 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of social deviance, which is based on the violation of social norms. Depict the social construction based o Becker and The moral entrepreneur such as rule creator and ruler enforcers. To the extend of why rules are created, based on the evolving of the society based on social panic. How society are being brainwashed by the news to place pressure on higher authority in put some rules about. 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Deviance occurs when an individual performs a certain act, possesses certain characteristics, or has a certain belief that will generate a negative reaction from an audienceRead MoreDeviance Theory and Drug Use1619 Words   |  7 PagesTheories of Deviance Applied to Drug Use Since the dawn of society there have been people whose behavior differed from the rest of society. There are many different theories and perspectives on why people do things like abuse drugs, and although we my never have all the answers, sociology still help us to understand the problem better. In order to understand the theories of deviance, and apply them to drug use in our society one must first understand what deviance is. Alex Thio defines deviance as anRead MoreYouth Deviance Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesDeviance is defined as the recognized violation of cultural norms. This is an extremely broad definition, and depending on who is explaining it, the above definition can mean a variety of different things. Critically examine the theory of deviance with reference to young people and their membership in deviant subcultures or gangs. Deviance is associated with young people today and is rapidly on the increase within the street and school environment. Young deviants are engaging in gang membershipRead MoreThe Concept of Sociological Perspective of Deviance Essays1127 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of Sociological Perspective of Deviance also known as â€Å"rule-breaking† behavior or â€Å"counter culture† can be defined as culture norms, values, and morals which shape the social acceptance of individuals or group through their actions or â€Å"unmoral or illegal† behavior. In order to gain a better understanding of Sociological Perspective of Deviance it is important to understand the broad consensus of behavior and its place in society. Situational deviance pertains to a group who engages in behaviorRead MoreSociological Approaches Of Mental Illness1367 Words   |  6 Pages â€Æ' The Deviance Model places certain individuals who portray qualities of what we may consider as people with mental illness, where their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors violate own or others expectations (the violation of social norms). This sociological approach is frequently debated where the individual is being conceptualized as either sick or deviant which then reflects on their deviant behavior. Deviant behaviors should not determine whether someone is mentally ill or not. There are individualsRead MoreSociological Imagination and Social Issues1251 Words   |  6 PagesSociological Imagination and Social Issues People are more likely to use psychological arguments to explain why things are they way they are rather than look at the sociological aspect of them. They think that problems happening in their lives are personal and overlook that they may be caused by society (Ferris amp; Stein 13). Sociological imagination challenges people to look at the â€Å"intersection between biography and history† and see the role we each play in society (Mills 1959 and Ferris amp;Read MoreDeviance: Social Control Essay772 Words   |  4 PagesIn todays world deviance is everywhere.Where did it come from ? I want to know what is deviance and what reasons adoes it exist .So in this paper I will discover these answers. Deviance is any behavior that does not conform to the prevailing norms of a society.Deviance is the recognized violation of cultural norms .Deviance is measured by sociteis reaction , its is measured by societies life style ,only behavior that is defined unacceptable in a culture is deviant. Deviance violates some groups

China’s One Child Policy Free Essays

string(82) " counts have been restarted in 1975 they have never been referred to as reliable\." The policy was put onto place In 1979 as â€Å"an aggressive effort to Improve standards of living and the economy through population control† (CNN). The initial policy that was put into place was much stricter than the policy most people are familiar with now. This is because the original plan was meant to be short-term (only a couple of decades), however it’s success of preventing nearly 400 million births made China leaders think twice about terminating the plan altogether and instead revised the policy Into what it is today (CNN). We will write a custom essay sample on China’s One Child Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now This essay will be breaking down the one child policy by looking Into a variety f different aspects such as; the company that oversees the policy and what rewards or punishments they hand out, the baby boomers effect on the policy and the reason the leaders implemented it, and prior attempts to control the population. As well as the current population standings, the well-known daughter to son ratio problem, how it affected one families plan, and current feelings by the locals towards the policy. The one-child policy Is known by those that abide by It as the â€Å"family planning policy. Understanding the policy In China Is difficult as there are many exceptions and rules. The family planning policy states that married urban couples are only allowed one child. However, exceptions include rural families, ethnic minorities, couples who themselves only have one sibling, and foreigners residing in China. According to Maria Trichina, the NIFOC (The National Population and Family Planning Commission of China), Is a state agency responsible for overseeing population control, reproductive health and family planning across China. The NIFOC was created to help families make decisions about their child, designate rewards to abiding families, and enforce penalties when it is disobeyed. Everyone who falls under the policy in China is personally responsible to practice family planning and use proper contraceptive methods. Those that play by the rules are offered a number of perks such as special financial assistance, longer maternity and honeymoon breaks, â€Å"Certificate of Honor for Single-Child Parents,† loans, along with other rewards. Those that disobey the strict law can be fined up to half of their annual household income or be subject to confiscation of their household items. The â€Å"excess† children themselves may personally be subject to health and education disadvantages. Trichina) All of these penalties and rewards make having a single child very attractive and make most couples not even consider having a second child. The way the policy is set up Is very smart and lucrative, making nearly 97% of the country follow It’s guidelines. Hays) 1979 as the â€Å"baby boomers† of the sass’s and ass’s were beginning to reproduce. The reason for the sudden worry of the population in China came when leaders realized that China was home to a quarter of the world’s population on Just 7 percent of the world’s land (Hester). The population increase during the sass through 1979 introduced a large number of problems in China. With such a rapid increase, came the governmentà ¢â‚¬â„¢s inability to provide for its citizens the way China’s citizens were used to the way that was previously possible. Also, leadership argued that rapid population growth would â€Å"retard achievement of the four modernization (industry, agriculture, science and technology, and defense) by hampering attainment of full employment and by cutting into increases in capital accumulation, living standards, and education† (Bonaparte) The rule was implemented in order to return the country AAA higher standard of living, education, and economic reform. Because the long term effects of the policy have not been felt and there are still a number of people in China that were born before the policy, it is uncertain if China’s goals to make a better life for its citizens have been fulfilled. Judging by the number of children born under the one child policy that plan to follow it with their own families, the policy obviously has its perks. But before this law was enforced, a number of other options were attempted. A number of other options were researched and attempted before the law went into effect, many failed efforts to control the population took place. Although the policy seems harsh, the one child policy was not implemented on a whim. In 1971 the Chinese government introduced a birth-limitation campaign called â€Å"longer-later- fewer. † In this plan men and women would have longer periods between the births of their children, wait until they were older to have their first child, and have fewer than the average children. Fewer than average was three children if you were a rural dwelling couple and 2 for those in the Urbana (Bonaparte). Due to the lack of success f that program, the decision was made to limit couples to having Just two children in the year 1977, followed by Just one child in 1979. China will maintain its one-child policy for at least another decade as nearly 200 million Chinese will enter child- bearing age over the next 10 years. Minister Ghana Weighing told the China Daily newspaper, abandoning the policy during this period would cause â€Å"serious problems and add extra pressure on social and economic development. However, the exact details of the continued policy will be less strict and will include exceptions and options such as being able to apply for certificates to allow the birth of a second child. Another revision of the policy has not yet been started, however the grip is a lot less tight and more families are able to have more than one child while still following the rules, and falling under the exceptions. The successes of the policy can be seen in the current population standings ver sus where the country was headed prior to the policy beginning. It is hard to reflect what the exact population goals were and what the current population is as a number of sources contradict each other yet each claim to be en discontinued in China in the late sass and since population counts have been restarted in 1975 they have never been referred to as reliable. You read "China’s One Child Policy" in category "Papers" This shows that the population goal was not set in stone and that the actual population in China is unknown. According to sources, the estimated population in China has been continually growing since 1953 when the death rate began falling significantly and the birthrate increased, creating a 2. 8 percent population growth rate. The increase was initially embraced by the public and the leaders of China saw the population growth as part of the countries strength. A growing population following hundreds of years of war, epidemics, rebellions and the collapse of imperial authority was a welcomed change. (Kane) However, when the reality of the increasing population hit home and the effects of the growing population started effecting communities, the policy began being designed. When it was introduced, it is said the leaders had a goal in mind; in 1979 they hoped the population of China, in the year 2000, would be at approximately 1. Billion. The 2000 census showed the population at 1. 27 billion, however many people argue that this is an underestimate because the census neuters in China is the same committee that is meant to be in charge of population control. Whether the population actually decreased or not is hard to say, but what has been proven is that per woman, the fertility rate has dropped from 2. 9 chil dren, down to 1. 7. (Hester) China’s population, which now stands at about 1. 3 billion, is growing at the rate of 0. 6 percent and is expected to peak around 1. 6 billion by 2050, according to the U. S. State Department. CNN) Following the peak, it is expected to drop off drastically resulting in the population numbers desired by leaders in China. As a whole, the policy has helped prevent approximately 250 million births since 1979. The greatest difference in population has come from those in urban areas, as those in rural settings are less keen on the rule. Although the rule only officially applies to those living in urban areas, couples in rural landscapes are also advised and sometimes pressured to follow the one child policy as well. Even before the rule went into effect, nearly 90% of urban couples had already decided to have only one child. This was in part due to the small living spaces and the hours Chinese workers are expected to put into a Job. Add to that the exhausting tasks of caring for a family and the majority of couples can’t fathom having more than one child. Rural families, on the other hand, need larger families to financially support them as they grow older as they tend to have limited savings and no pensions (Kane). Discouragements of larger families include â€Å"financial levies on each additional child and sanctions which ranged from social pressure to curtailed career prospects for those in government Jobs† (Kane). Specific measures varied across each individual community, but in a tight knit community, the pressure o adhere to the one-child policy is high. Having what they call â€Å"unapproved pregnancies† which are children that are not approved by the family planning authorities, can bring problems to more than Just the defiant family. For example, if a couple was to have an unapproved pregnancy in a community and this birth caused the community to exceed the yearly birth quota, then other families who had previously been approved to have a child, would have to wait until the next year and families in China. Not only do families feel pressure in having children, they also feel pressure in the gender of the child they have. A well-known effect caused by the one child policy in China, is the preference of having a son over a daughter. Before the policy was implemented, the ratio was about 105 males to every 100 females overall in China, but currently the ratio stands at 114 males to every 100 females. The desire to have a son rather than a daughter is due to the tradition that in the parents’ old age, the daughter moves in with the parents of the son to care for them. In the event that a daughter is born instead off son, families abiding by the one child rule, more often peasants, dispose of the infant RL and try again, this time hoping for a son. This practice is called sex selective infanticide. Another well-known reason to dispose of the daughter is so that when the child grows up and tries to start a family, the families’ last name tied with the daughter won’t have a chance to be tarnished by a daughter breaking the one child policy. Beliefs in China are that an infant does not own life until they are six months old; therefore getting rid of the infant daughter is not seen as a crime. The method used, most commonly by the father, is to place the infant in a bucket of cold water that Chinese refer to as â€Å"baby water†. In a study done in 1980, for every 1000 infants being born across China, 53 were being disposed of, but in the rural areas of the country, the ratio was much higher (Kane). In some communities of China, one out of every three daughters born are disposed of. The boy to girl ratio proves to be troubling for China in the future, but as of now, no measures are being taken to prevent this common practice. Families struggle to decide whether to keep the daughter or try again for another, in hopes that it is a boy. Many people were frustrated when the rule was set in place in 1979. Going from the â€Å"longer-later- ewer† rule that did allow more than one child, Just a certain amount of space between each birth (usually 3 years), to having Just one child, ruined a lot of couple’s family plans. Especially those who had already had one child, a girl, and were planning on trying again later for a boy. Most couples had to accept the plan and were â€Å"plagued† with the reality that their one child would be a girl and would likely leave them in their old age. But some couples broke the new rule, and tried for a son. Penalties faced for having another child included losing workforce â€Å"points† and even personal belongings. Some locals surveyed say it was worth it, but others, who had a daughter a second time, are now even more devastated. The only way to gain back those points and reclaim their confiscated items is for the woman to be permanently fixed by a licensed doctor. Almost all couples breaking the rule and having a second child are forced to undergo such procedures. For traditional families, it can be heartbreaking. However, for a number of more modern families, the policy is becoming understood and even accepted. Some say having only one child ensures better care, including better nutrition, dress, education, and more attention. These modern couples embrace the one child rule, understanding that â€Å"the best care can be given to a child when there is only one child to care for† (Ghana). Modern couples understand the policy and some even chose to undergo the procedure after their first child to avoid being punished. These are the government or NIFOC. While there are some that agree and abide, there are still some that will fight it until it is taken out of practice. Those that fight it may not be beneficiaries of some of the positive results the policy has produced. Even some of the only daughters are enjoying benefits that, without the policy, would not have existed. Since the policy implementation over 30 years ago, a number of children born under the one child policy are now adults. Feelings towards the policy are across the board, but the statistics are not. A number of studies done show that children born under the policy, especially girls, tend to have a better life than those with multiple siblings. One obvious reason for that is the family with one child is not scolded by the government with fees, income confiscation and other humiliations. But in the studies there are other reasons that children are better off as an only child. For example, â€Å"many one child families are made of two parents and one gather. With no male heir competing for resources, parents have spent more on their daughters’ education and well-being, a groundbreaking shift after centuries of discrimination† says Jeffery Hays, an expert on the one child policy. In 1978, women made up only 24. 2 percent of the student population at Chinese colleges and universities. By 2009, nearly half of China’s full-time undergraduates were women and 47 percent of graduate students were female, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. (Hays) This is the first time in China’s history that school enrollment between males and females are near equal. So, although the policy might be hard to understand and frowned upon by many, the statistics can’t be denied, having Just one child in China ensures that child a better life. In studying and reading of the family planning policy in China I believe that it is a very difficult rule to dissect. There are obvious reasons that the policy was set into place, and had it not been implemented, the population of China would have far outgrown the resources that country has to offer. I think the biggest issue that comes into play is the tradition of sons moving in with their parents to care for them. This is the largest reason that the surviving birth rate of females is so low and males is so high. It is hard to say to abandon the tradition and have elderly care in a home or find another way, however in China, the act of a tradition so strong between families it makes that idea unrealistic. I do think that something needs to be done that alters the tradition into something that welcomes both males and females into the world before China is overrun by males and the men to women ratio is even worse than it currently is. Overall I think the policy had to happen and it would not be horrible if other entries took this idea into consideration. How to cite China’s One Child Policy, Papers

Sunday, April 26, 2020

Tangerine Compare and Contrast Essay free essay sample

Erik and Paul Fisher, though related by birth are both different in many ways. Erik Fisher has anger issues, he is cruel, and he is responsible for a death and robberies that occurred in the local town. In the story, Erik demonstrates his inability to manage his anger, when he slapped Victor and cut his face with a ring, after they had an argument about baseball. In another incident, Erik and his friend were caught writing graffiti on neighborhood walls. Erik assumed that it was Paul who reported it to the police. As a result, Erik ran home, grabbed Paul and threw him to the ground. He held Paul’s eye opened while his friend sprayed white paint in his brother’s eye. While Erik struggles with anger management, he also shows how cruel he can be. Erik and his friend Arthur were responsible for the death of Luis Cruz. Luis challenged them to a fight, after hearing about them hitting his little brothers Victor and Tino the day before. We will write a custom essay sample on Tangerine Compare and Contrast Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The boys argued, then Erik told Arthur to ‘take care of the problem’. While Erik and Luis continued the argument Arthur snuck up behind Louis and struck him in the head with his a blackjack (an item policemen use for defense against criminals). When Luis fell to the ground, both boys laughed and walked away, leaving him unconscious and eventually to die. Erik was very persuasive, had a cruel mind, and because of his lead, Louis was dead. Besides anger issues, and cruelty, Erik was also a key player in the robberies that occurred in the neighborhood. On one occasion Erik convinced his friend to rob the neighbor houses. They chose three homes that were being fumigated. While Erik stood outside the home keeping watch, his friend Arthur wore a gas mask, snuck into the homes and stole pearls and diamonds. Anger, cruelty, and death are ______that define Erik’s character. Paul, on the other hand, is kind, secretive, and has a challenge. Paul is a kind child that tries to do his best to stay out of trouble or ‘ out of harm’s way’ which is considered to be Erik throughout the story. Paul is secretive. For example when Paul was about five years old. Erik blamed him for telling the police that he and his friend were writing graffiti on the neighborhood walls. As a result Erik and his friend sprayed white paint into Paul’s eye Paul is very vulnerable to the attacks of Erik. Paul kept numerous secrets to himself such as the death of Luis Cruz; Paul witnessed the death of Luis Cruiz underneath the bleachers. Paul also witnessed the attack of Victor and Tino at the graduation ceremony. Victor and Tino decided to get even with Erik and Aurther for killing their brother. Victor and Tino planned an attack and Paul was there to see it. Paul has many secrets that are of important to others. Though Paul seems to be a ‘normal child’ he has a difficulty that was caused by his older brother and his brother’s friend. Paul was left legally blind because the incident that of Erik and his friend caused. Though Paul’s parents were there to witness the event Erik was not punished. Paul and Erik’s differences are quite evident throughout the pages of the book. The novel Tangerine by Edward Bloor is an extremely exciting book for readers, who are looking for a dramatic book about struggles that occur in families. Paul and Erick were the main characters and I chose them because they have a typical sibling relationship where there is arguments and rivalries. However, they do show the dysfunctional side of family life when there is competition, lack of discipline, and unresolved conflicts in the home. Although Paul and Erik are different they too have similarities such as Paul and Erick both play a sport that involve their feet and hands. Erick plays football and Paul plays soccer (he is a goalie). They both are from Texas and moved to Tangerine, Florida. This novel to be quite intriguing.