George Hobbes And Thomas Hobbes - 1500 Words

Corruption, false votes, unearned â€Å"donated† money; law breaking, lies, and hypocrisy are just some of the few factors that can be caused by a person’s human nature and therefore cause political instability. Nicollà ² Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes, two philosophers from the sixteenth and seventeenth century respectively, each have their own definitions of human nature and why human nature is always going to be a conflict and therefore lead to political instability. Human nature is an important concept to study when it comes to politics because if people know that there exists evil in man, such as being selfish, we can learn how to control it in order to create political stability. Hobbes declares that humans are selfish and only concerned†¦show more content†¦To become enemies is the conclusion Hobbes says, and then the men will fight and attempt to harm one another. Hobbes addresses such times as war. According to Hobbes, (Curley 2012, 76) â€Å"Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of war, where every man is enemy to every man, the same consequent to the time wherein men live without other security than what their own strength and their own invention shall furnish them withal. In such condition there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving and removing such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.† On the contrary, Machiavelli believes that man should look out for himself and no one else; he believes that men are only concerned with their own self-interest anyways. Human nature is a concept that Machiavelli really mocks in a sense in that he sets guidelines in exactly what a prince needs to be in order to be successful. He states that the prince should be the one and only sole authority, and he must be trustworthy and cause fear in order to have

Organisational culture can be defined as an influential...

Organisational culture can be defined as an influential and coherent collection of values and norms. It is often communicated through narratives, ancient legends and fictitious stories, the way things get accomplished in a specific organisation and the principles affecting an organisations procedures and practices towards members and consumers (Dwivedi, 2001). A ‘strong’ organisational culture differentiates itself from other types of cultures by, the majority of members holding the same fundamental beliefs and values as applies to the organisation. This essay seeks to critically analyse the statement- a strong organisational culture leads to higher organisational performance. It will draw on both the weaknesses and strengths of three†¦show more content†¦However, this is not always the case. Referring to culture as a unitary social control system can have negative implications, as it decreases its advantage as an analytical tool. One-culture reliance can reduc e creative and intellectual thinking on employees, restricting them from acquiring the knowledge that other people give off. When norms and values are so deeply embedded and internalised, employees then struggle to stimulate original and clever ideas of performing their job; that could eventually lead to an improved way of doing things. Saffold (1988, p. 549) states that a strong â€Å"culture shapes organizational strategy, but also it may prematurely restrict decision alternatives, producing severe negative effects on performance†. Therefore it is essential that employees learn to adjust to others in order to benefit from the opportunities they bring forth, whilst refraining from any negative ramifications. Boisnier and Chatman (2002, p. 5) suggests, â€Å"that strong cultures can be adaptive, but cannot withstand radical changes that directly challenge their basic assumptions†. In addition, they explain this claim by pointing out that organisations with strong cultu res are able to perform only a restricted amount of alterations because some individuals in a group may be more reluctant to change than others; because of how closely attached theyShow MoreRelatedCorporate identity16799 Words   |  68 Pagesfoundations of a new approach to management which might be termed ``corporate marketing’’. In addition to articulating the author’s understanding of the attributes regarding a business identity (the umbrella label used to cover corporate identity, organisational identification and visual identity) the author outlines the characteristics of corporate marketing and introduces a new corporate marketing mix based on the mnemonic ``HEADS’’[2]. This relates to what an organisation has, expresses, the affinitiesRead MoreNew Town Council3586 Words   |  15 Pagesillustrate the process of strategy development within different organisational contexts. 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Assessment of Vulnerability and Adaption to Climate Change Free Essays

ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTION TO CLIMATE CHANGE QUESTIONNAIRE No. INTERVIEWEE NAME INTERVIEWED DATE ____/____/2014 Part A: Family Information 1. Name of interviewee: ____________________________________________________Male ___ Female____ 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessment of Vulnerability and Adaption to Climate Change or any similar topic only for you Order Now Relation to the family held: ____________________________________ Telephone: ____________________ 3. Religion a. Islam _______ b. Christian__________ c. Others _______ 4. Name of small town: 1. Kipini _______________ 2. Ozi ___________________ 3. Kilelengwani ____________ Part B: Composition OF HOUSEHOLD AND HUMAN CAPITAL Family member Presently present ( P/A ) Gender ( M/F ) Age ( old ages ) Marital position ( 1. Married 2. Unmarried 3. Others Education degree 0 – none 1. Primary 2. Secondary 3. High school 4. Certificate/Diploma 5. Bachelor 6. Maestro Condition of wellness Technical accomplishments Number of yearss in the past 12 months unable to transport out support activities Name Number Part C. PHYSICAL AND NATURAL CAPITAL Name of Rhizophora mangle related physical capital Measure Value at market monetary value Observations/ notes Part B. ( PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES ) OF YOUR FAMILY ( KEY NATURAL RESOURCE DEPENDENT LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES ) 1. What is your family’s chief beginning of income? ( What is your family’s cardinal support? ) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — – — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — – 2. Could you delight name the other beginnings of income, in order of importance? Livelihood/job Where Rating 3. Calendar of support activities: Support activities Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 4. Please rate the importance ( value ) of natural resources ( Rhizophora mangles ) in to your support and day-to-day life: Natural resource Importance 5. Changes ( e.g. , Total country, location and quality ) of natural resources that relate to your support from 2000 up to now Natural resource Changes in 2000 – 2011 Area Location Quality 6. Make your family own a house? 1. Yes 2. No 7. If yes, what is the current market value ( Kshs ) _________ 8. How many roomw does the house have _______________ Family ACTIVITIES AND ASSOCIATED FINANCIAL CAPITAL Family member Beginning of income Estimate of clip invested ( days/ twelvemonth ) Estimate of income degree ( Kshs/yr ) 1. 2. Fisheries Agribusiness Agricultural labourer Cattle/ domestic fowl rise uping Business Occupation Selling firewood 3. Others Interest from deposited money Interest from money loaning Rent Social security benefits Others ( relations, contribution ) Other Social capital C. NATURAL HAZARD RISKS, HUMAN IMPACTS AND RESPONSE 10. Make you retrieve, in the past 10 old ages, that your local community experienced any natural jeopardies or unusual conditions conditions ( delight grade X on the months that it happened ) ? Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec High temperature ( warm ) Droughts Flood Tidal inundation Low temperature ( cold ) Other unusual jeopardies 11. Compared to the past 10 old ages, how have the usual conditions conditions changed? Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec High temperature ( warm ) Droughts Flood Tidal inundation Low temperature ( cold ) Other unusual jeopardies 12. In the past 10 old ages, did your community experience any troubles ensuing from authorities ordinances on land/crops/hydro-construction or were there any self-generated activities of local occupants that affected the area’s support ( please list in the tabular array below ) ? Factors/ causes Livelihood/agricultural production theoretical account Damage 13. Loss in production and day-to-day life due to unusual conditions conditions in the past 10 old ages, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Poor harvests Lack of imbibing H2O Cattle disease Plant diseases Human diseases House harm Losing occupation Please explicate harm causes? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 14. Loss in production and day-to-day life due to presently unusual conditions conditions? Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Poor harvests Lack of imbibing H2O Cattle disease Plant diseases Human diseases House harm Losing occupation Please explicate harm causes? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Respondents will be asked to name the types and Numberss of conditions and clime events impacting them and so name down their impact degrees. Three different impact degrees will be used: Increased, Stable and Decreas C. HOUSEHOLD HISTORY 1. Is the above reference family head’s birth topographic point? Yes ( 1 ) / No ( 0 ) If no go inquiry 2 ; if yes go inquiry 4. 2. When have your family migrated? 3. From where have you come here? ( Village: Union: Upazila: ) 4. Why did your family move to this small town? 5. When did your ain family start? 6. Please reference all the old economic activities of your family Year ( from, to ) Previous economic activities Reason for altering occupation/activities Observation/notes Appendix B – Checklists for Oral History Interviews Purpose Oral history interviews were used to garner in-depth information on impacts, responses ( both short- and long-run ) and restraints to responses to climatic dazes and emphasiss of families and their supports in each community. Common checklists for the families of all three survey communities How climatic dazes and emphasiss impact your family ( negatively or positively ) both inland and at sea? Dazes and emphasiss include: – cyclones – inundations – sea degree alterations – land eroding, and – fluctuations in temperature and rainfall – others Impacts on – support capital assets, – substructure, societal services, markets, transforming constructions and procedures, – support activities and schemes ( piscaries or non-fisheries related ) and – overall supports. How you tackle these, both in the short-run and in the longer-term? What things facilitate or constrain while undertaking these? What things help most while undertaking these and how? What things constrain most while undertaking these and how? What are the tendencies ( both frequence and strength ) in the above dazes and emphasiss? What have you learned from the above? In future how are you traveling to undertake these? How can others, outside your families, aid undertake these? – 229 – Extra checklists for the families of Kutubdia Para Why and how did your family migrate? Why did you migrate to Kutubdia Para? Why did you non migrate to other topographic points? Which factors influenced you to travel? Was there any support from non-government beginnings? Was there any support from authorities? How did migration impact your life? What things and how helped or constrained you go oning or bettering your life here? Can you state whether migration is/was a successful or unsuccessful scheme? How is your life traveling to be here in future? Extra checklists for the families of Kutubdia Island Could you speak about the history of your colony here? Why did your family non migrate? Which factors influenced your family non to travel from Kutubdia Island to Kutubdia Para or to other mainland countries? What have been the impacts of non traveling on supports / flights / passages taking topographic point? Do you believe that your family has taken the right determination non to migrate? Is your family more or less successful in relation to livelihood than the families who hold migrated? What are your household’s future programs – migration or remaining on the island? If staying, so how will your family tackle future climatic emphasiss and dazes? How could your current supports be improved? If migration, so how will your family overcome the limitations of migration? How can others, outside your household aid you in migration? How to cite Assessment of Vulnerability and Adaption to Climate Change, Essay examples

Vampires Essay Example For Students

Vampires Essay VampiresVampires have been seen and documented throughout history. The historyof vampires goes further back in time than most people realize. The chaldeans,who lived near the Euphrates river in the southwestern part of Asia more thanfive hundred years before the time of Christ , feared vampire or creaturessimilar to vampires enough so that they created charms to protect themselvesfrom being attacked by such creatures. The Assyrians and the Babylonians feareda creature similar to a vampire known as an Ekimmu. These creatures known asEkimmus were believed by the Assyrians to roam the planet searching for foodalthough it was not always a persons blood but rather a persons vitality orthat persons energy force. It was believed that if such a creature would entersomeones house that person along with his or her family would slowly weaken,get sick and probably die. In the countries of Syria and Palestine referenceswere made to such blood sucking monsters on ancient carved tablets. In Ireland the people believed in these creatures, which they affectionately came to callred blood suckers . Due to their belief in these mythical creatures they beganthe practice of placing stones on these vampires graves to kep them fromescaping.This then became standard practice and is still used to this day in theform of a tombstone. Tombstones were used to control ghosts and other spiritsinstead of their original use in controlling vampires. Due to the fact that vampires seemed to be so commonplace around theglobe, there was a large variety of vampires that differed in shape, behaviorand method of becoming a vampire. All of these factors varied from region toregion. In the country of Bulgaria a vampire had only one nostril. ThisBulgarian vampire would rise out of its grave nine days after death in the formof a shower of sparks and remained in this shape for a period of forty days. After the completion of these forty days the shower of sparks would regain itshuman form. Once human-like the vampire goes from playing childish tricks, whichit did in its spark form , to more serious matters , such as the attacking ofhumans and drinking of their blood.Vampires are well known for their cravingfor blood but in many countries vampires were not limited to just thatsubstance as part of their diet, but would also consume foods that humans atesuch as eggs and rice. That, however, does not mean that their yearn for bloodwas any weaker than before. Most vampires would attack their victims and suckthe blood from puncture wounds made in the neck (The Russian vampire would suckthe blood directly from the victims heart). Sometimes the vampire would gorgeitself until it had drained the victim completely while other times it wouldtake just enough to satisfy that nights thirst and come back the followingnight and take a bit more. The method of drinking from the same victim nightaft er night would cause the victim to get weaker and weaker . Due to the factthat the victim was indeed attacked by a vampire, that would mean that upon thevictims death they too would become undead. (. Vampires p22)Certain cultures around the globe also had systems to recognize vampires. In some cultures vampires were distinguished due to the color of their hair. Inmost Christian countries vampires could be recognized because they had red hairlike Judas Iscariot, the man who betrayed Christ in the bible, was said to havehad red hair. Eye color was another tell-tale sign used to identify vampires. InGreece ,where most people have dark colored eyes, vampires were said to haveblue eyes, Rumania they were said to have had gray eyes, and in Ireland they hadblack eyes. Treatment Guidelines? Effect on Therapists? Willin EssayPlague was another factor which could explain the growth of the vampirelegend. In the Stephen King book Salems Lot which is the story of a town thatis infested by Vampires and due to the infestation of vampires causes the townto become a ghost town. In the book it says But a little over a year agosomething began to happen in Jerusalems Lot that was not unusual, people beganto drop out of sight. (King, Stephen. Salems Lot p15) This phenomenon which isfound in Stephen Kings book was not at all uncommon in ancient times especiallyin remote places. Villagers in these remote places would have believed thatblood was a Vital substance that gave life. Since they did not know much aboutdisease their lack of knowledge of diseases and their lack of medicalpractitioners in these remote areas would give the perfect opportunity for theirsuperstitious beliefs to come into play. If suddenly much of the town began tofall ill at the same time a nd they all displayed similar symptoms such as weightloss , weakness and paleness they would think that these people must have beendrained of the vital substance, blood. Searching for an explanation without anymedical knowledge the one thing that would make sense to them would be that avampire was on the loose while the fact that the town could be in the middle ofan epidemic such as the black plague during the Dark Ages. In Stephen Kingsbook a town would just seem to disappear for no reason and the only explanationwould be vampires. In the Dark ages the situation would be very similar to thatin the Stephen King book except that in Stephen Kings book the vampires arereal. Tuberculosis or consumption as it was often called is a disease thatalthough was not highly contagious was a very common disease up until the mid-1800s . The beginning stages of this disease do not contain very recognizablesymptoms.By the time the symptoms showed up (such as weight loss and fatiguewhich is where the name consumption came from) the disease was already in itslater stages. Tuberculosis would have been very difficult to diagnose by peoplewith no medical knowledge especially when the most serious symptoms of thedisease such as coughing and spitting up blood were not present. Tuberculosiswas often openly confused with vampirism as was the case when in the mid- 1800sthe corpses of many victims of Tuberculosis were treated as vampires and buriedface down or by being dug up and burned when members of their families suddenlycame down with Tuberculosis.(Garden,Nancy. Vampires p69)The mental aspect of vampires has always seemed to be that of someonewho was not in their right min d. In Anne Rices book The Vampire Lestat at onepoint one of the vampires in the book just looks at the other one and simplysays Youre the mad one. ( Rice, Anne. The Vampire Lestat p73) not realizingthat madness plays a large part towards explaining the vampire legend as well asother mental conditions. One of these conditions which could explain the vampirelegend is the condition known as a cataleptic condition which many times isbrought